धातुरूपाणि (परिशिष्टम् ३)
Class 8 Sanskrit · दीपकम् · Chapter 16
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- Science: 13 chapters, cells to Our Home: Earth
- Maths: 7 chapters in each of the two parts
- English: 11 writing formats, 5 poems compared
- Hindi: 10 मल्हार lessons, 12 common mistakes
- Social Science: 7 chapters, Sultanate to 1857
- 6 kits, and a final test closes each one
- And dozens more key concepts and facts
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- 7 chapters in Part I, to the rule of three
- 7 chapters in Part II: percentages to area
- Exponent laws and scientific notation
- Profit and loss, GST, compounding
- Baudhāyana's theorem and triples
- A final test closes both kits
- And dozens more key concepts and formulas
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- Profit, loss and GST, Ch 1
- Baudhāyana's theorem and triples, Ch 2
- Common traps that cost marks, listed
- Inverse proportion, Ch 3
- Fractals, nets and views, Ch 4
- Every area formula, Ch 7
- And dozens more key concepts and formulas
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- Cells and microbes, Ch 2
- Magnetic and heating effects, Ch 4
- Common traps, corrected
- Pressure, winds and cyclones, Ch 6
- Mirrors and lenses, Ch 10
- 12-question final test with answers
- And dozens more key concepts and formulas
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- Exponent laws, Ch 2
- Quadrilateral property matrix, Ch 4
- Divisibility tests, Ch 5
- Base-n numerals, Ch 3
- Identities by distributivity, Ch 6
- 10-question final test with answers
- And dozens more key concepts and formulas
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- Author, form and summary for every पाठ
- 5 कविताएँ and 2 कहानियाँ, each with its भाव
- Every भाषा-बिंदु the book teaches, together
- रचनाकार table for the whole book
- 12 भूलें students make, corrected
- 12 प्रश्न final test with answers
- And dozens more key concepts and facts
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- Sultanate, Vijayanagara and Mughals, Ch 2
- Rise of the Marathas, Ch 3
- Colonial era: famines, the drain, 1857
- Universal franchise and elections, Ch 5
- Factors of production, Ch 7
- Final test with answers
- And dozens more key concepts and facts
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- Plot, characters and themes for each text
- 5 poems compared side by side
- 12 common traps, corrected
- 11 writing formats in one place
- Grammar point of each lesson, page-numbered
- 12-question final test with answers
- And dozens more key concepts and facts
The story in short
यह परिशिष्ट कक्षा 8 के लिए आवश्यक धातुरूपों (क्रिया-रूपों) का संग्रह है। इसमें परस्मैपद और आत्मनेपद दोनों के धातुओं के पाँच लकारों में रूप दिए गए हैं। परस्मैपद में भू, गम्, पा, नी, स्था, दृश्, इष् धातुओं के — लट्-लकार (वर्तमानकाल), लृट्-लकार (भविष्यत्काल), लङ्-लकार (भूतकाल), लोट्-लकार (आज्ञार्थक) और विधिलिङ्-लकार (विध्यर्थक) में तीनों पुरुषों एवं तीनों वचनों के रूप हैं (जैसे भवति-भवतः-भवन्ति; गमिष्यति; अभवत्; भवतु; भवेत्)। आत्मनेपद में सेव् और लभ् धातुओं के सभी पाँच लकारों में रूप दिए गए हैं (जैसे सेवते-सेवेते-सेवन्ते; लप्स्यते; असेवत; सेवताम्; सेवेत)। ये धातुरूप काल और अर्थ के अनुसार क्रियापदों के सही प्रयोग के लिए आधारभूत हैं और संस्कृत-वाक्य-निर्माण में सहायक हैं। इन्हें अभ्यास द्वारा कण्ठस्थ करना विद्यार्थी के लिए अत्यन्त उपयोगी है। (विस्तृत तालिकाओं के लिए NCERT पाठ्यपुस्तक में दी तालिकाएँ देखें।)