CBSE · Senior secondary
CBSE Class 12 — Notes, Chapters & Practice Quizzes
Master every Class 12 chapter — the base your board marks and your NEET / JEE / CUET prep both stand on.
13 subjects 166 chapters 171 practice quizzes NCERT syllabus
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01 Choose a chapter02 Revise key ideas03 Test recall
Students preparing for CBSE Class 12 Board Examination
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9Accountancy, Business Studies, Economics + EnglishEvery subject, one purchase
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AccountancyAll 3 books, one purchase
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7Physics, Chemistry, Biology + EnglishEvery subject, one purchase
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Physics, Chemistry, Maths + EnglishEvery subject, one purchase
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AccountancyRevise all of it in about an hour
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AccountancyRevise all of it in about an hour
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AccountancyRevise all of it in about an hour
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2Hindi ElectiveAll 2 books, one purchase
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3GeographyAll 3 books, one purchase
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2SociologyAll 2 books, one purchase
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3HistoryAll 3 books, one purchase
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PhysicsAll 2 books, one purchase
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2MathematicsAll 2 books, one purchase
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2Hindi CoreAll 2 books, one purchase
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2EconomicsAll 2 books, one purchase
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2Home ScienceAll 2 books, one purchase
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2Urdu ElectiveAll 2 books, one purchase
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2English CoreAll 2 books, one purchase
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2Political ScienceAll 2 books, one purchase
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2ChemistryAll 2 books, one purchase
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2Business StudiesAll 2 books, one purchase
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MathematicsRevise all of it in about an hour
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हिंदी (आधार)Revise all of it in about an hour
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MathematicsRevise all of it in about an hour
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PhysicsRevise all of it in about an hour
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ChemistryRevise all of it in about an hour
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Urdu ElectiveRevise all of it in about an hour
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Computer ScienceRevise all of it in about an hour
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ChemistryRevise all of it in about an hour
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TrendingFine Art · PaintingRevise all of it in about an hour
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हिंदुस्तानी संगीत (गायन / वादन)Revise all of it in about an hour
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BiologyRevise all of it in about an hour
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BiotechnologyRevise all of it in about an hour
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सृजनात्मक लेखन और अनुवादRevise all of it in about an hour
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Business StudiesRevise all of it in about an hour
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Business StudiesRevise all of it in about an hour
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EconomicsRevise all of it in about an hour
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TrendingEconomicsRevise all of it in about an hour
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HistoryRevise all of it in about an hour
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HistoryRevise all of it in about an hour
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HistoryRevise all of it in about an hour
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GeographyRevise all of it in about an hour
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GeographyRevise all of it in about an hour
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GeographyRevise all of it in about an hour
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English Elective · KaleidoscopeRevise all of it in about an hour
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Political ScienceRevise all of it in about an hour
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Political ScienceRevise all of it in about an hour
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SociologyRevise all of it in about an hour
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SociologyRevise all of it in about an hour
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PsychologyRevise all of it in about an hour
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English Core · FlamingoRevise all of it in about an hour
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English Core · VistasRevise all of it in about an hour
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Home ScienceRevise all of it in about an hour
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Home ScienceRevise all of it in about an hour
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Formula of the day
Physics · Ray Optics (lens) · 13 formulae in the cheatsheet
Trap of the day
Nernst 0.059/n term uses log base 10 at 298 K. Using ln double-counts the 2.303 factor.
Accountancy · 10 chapters
Summary, key terms, extra questions with answers and a practice quiz with AI diagnosis for each.
Chapter 1: Accounting for Share Capital Class 12 Accountancy — summary, notes, extra questions & MCQ quiz
Try one from this chapter
A company is best described as:
Summary
A company is an artificial person created by law, having a separate legal entity distinct from its members and a common seal, governed by the Companies Act 2013. Its capital is contributed by a large number of shareholders, who elect a Board of Directors to manage the company. A company raises capital mainly by issuing shares (share capital) and debentures (debt capital). Share capital is classified into authorised, issued, subscribed, called-up and paid-up capital, and companies issue mainly equity shares and preference shares. Shares may be issued for cash or for consideration other than cash, and at par or at a premium; the securities premium can be used only for purposes specified in the Act. The chapter explains the accounting for the receipt of application, allotment and call money, including the situations of oversubscription (where applications exceed shares offered) and undersubscription. It also covers calls-in-arrears, where a shareholder fails to pay a call, and calls-in-advance, where money is paid before a call is made. When shares are not paid for, the company may forfeit them, cancelling the membership and seizing the amount already paid; forfeited shares can later be reissued, often at a discount, with any surplus on the forfeited-shares account transferred to capital reserve.
Nature of a company and kinds of share capitalTypes of shares and issue at par or premiumAccounting for application, allotment and callsOversubscription, calls-in-arrears and calls-in-advanceForfeiture and reissue of shares
Key terms
Company
An artificial person created by law, having a separate legal entity, perpetual succession and a common seal, registered under the Companies Act 2013.
Share
A unit into which the share capital of a company is divided, representing part-ownership in the company.
Securities Premium
The amount received on a share over and above its face value, usable only for purposes specified in the Companies Act.
Calls-in-Arrears
The portion of called-up amount that a shareholder has failed to pay on the due date.
Forfeiture of Shares
The cancellation of shares and seizure of amounts already paid when a shareholder fails to pay the allotment or call money.
Reissue of Forfeited Shares
The re-allotment of previously forfeited shares, usually at a discount, with any surplus transferred to capital reserve.
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Company
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An artificial person created by law, having a separate legal entity, perpetual succession and a common seal, registered under the Companies Act 2013.
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Accountancy revision kits
Accountancy, Business Studies, Economics + EnglishEvery subject, one purchase
- Accountancy
- Business Studies
- + 3 more
₹1999 kits · ~₹22 eachGet all 9 kits
AccountancyAll 3 books, one purchase
- Accountancy
₹793 kits · ~₹26 eachGet all 3 kits
AccountancyRevise all of it in about an hour
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AccountancyRevise all of it in about an hour
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AccountancyRevise all of it in about an hour
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