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व्याकरण का व्यावहारिक प्रयोग सिखाना

‘द्वितीयः’ किस प्रकार की संख्या है?

क्रमवाचक (दूसरा)

Differentiate between communicable and non-communicable diseases.

Communicable diseases are caused by germs and spread from person to person, while non-communicable diseases do not spread and are often linked to lifestyle and heredity.

How do communicable diseases spread?

Through air, contaminated water and food, direct contact and insect vectors such as mosquitoes.

How can non-communicable diseases be prevented?

By following a healthy lifestyle — balanced diet, regular exercise, avoiding tobacco and alcohol and managing stress.

Differentiate between communicable and non-communicable diseases.

Communicable diseases are caused by germs and spread from person to person, while non-communicable diseases do not spread and are often linked to lifestyle and heredity.

How do communicable diseases spread?

Through air, contaminated water and food, direct contact and insect vectors such as mosquitoes.

Give two examples each of communicable and non-communicable diseases.

Communicable: tuberculosis and malaria; non-communicable: diabetes and hypertension.

How can non-communicable diseases be prevented?

By following a healthy lifestyle — balanced diet, regular exercise, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, and managing stress.

What is immunity, and how does vaccination help?

Immunity is the body’s ability to resist or fight off disease; vaccination builds immunity against a specific disease by introducing a vaccine.

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Chapter 10: Diseases: Communicable and Non-communicableClass 10 Health and Physical Education — summary, notes, extra questions & MCQ quiz

Q: How can communicable diseases be prevented?

Through cleanliness, safe water and food, vaccination, control of vectors and good personal hygiene.

Q: How can communicable diseases be prevented?

Through cleanliness, safe water and food, vaccination, control of vectors and good personal hygiene.

Try one from this chapter

A communicable disease is one that:

Summary

This chapter explains what diseases are and classifies them as communicable (infectious) and non-communicable. Communicable diseases are caused by germs such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi, and spread from person to person through air, water, food, contact or insect vectors; examples include the common cold, influenza, tuberculosis, malaria, dengue and diarrhoeal diseases. The chapter describes their causes, modes of spread, symptoms and, most importantly, their prevention through cleanliness, safe water and food, vaccination, control of vectors and good personal hygiene. Non-communicable diseases do not spread from person to person and are often linked to lifestyle and heredity; examples include diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, obesity and cancer. The chapter shows how a healthy lifestyle — balanced diet, regular exercise, avoidance of tobacco and alcohol, and stress management — helps prevent them. It stresses that awareness, hygiene, immunisation and healthy living together protect both the individual and the community from disease.

Meaning and types of diseaseCommunicable diseases and their spreadPrevention of communicable diseasesNon-communicable diseasesHealthy lifestyle and prevention

Key terms

Communicable disease

A disease caused by germs that spreads from person to person.

Non-communicable disease

A disease that does not spread, often linked to lifestyle.

Vector

An organism, such as a mosquito, that carries and spreads disease.

Vaccination

Giving a vaccine to build immunity against a disease.

Immunity

The body’s ability to resist or fight off a disease.

Hygiene

Practices of cleanliness that help prevent disease.

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A disease caused by germs that spreads from person to person.

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