Written by Guy de Maupassant, this famous story is about Matilda Loisel, a pretty but discontented woman who feels she was born for a life of luxury but is married to a humble clerk. When her husband obtains an invitation to a grand ball, Matilda is unhappy at having nothing fine to wear, so her husband gives her money for a dress, and she borrows a diamond necklace from her wealthy friend, Madame Forestier. At the ball Matilda is admired and supremely happy, but on returning home she discovers that the necklace is lost. Too proud and ashamed to confess, she and her husband buy a replacement necklace, borrowing a huge sum and plunging into debt. For ten long years they live in poverty and toil to repay it, and Matilda loses her youth and beauty. When at last she meets Madame Forestier and confesses, she learns the cruel truth: the original necklace was a cheap imitation. The story is a powerful lesson on the dangers of vanity, pride and discontent.
The story in 6 beats
1Matilda Loisel feels unhappy with her simple life and dreams of riches and high society.
2Her husband brings a ball invitation, and she demands a fine dress and then borrows a necklace from Madame Forestier.
3At the ball Matilda looks beautiful, enjoys great attention, and returns home pleased with her success.
4She discovers the necklace is missing, and the couple search for it but cannot find it.
5They buy a costly replacement with borrowed money and spend ten hard years repaying the debt.
6Later Matilda tells Madame Forestier the truth and learns the lost necklace was only imitation jewellery.
Vanity and prideDiscontent and its consequencesIrony and the twist endingSacrifice and hardshipHonesty vs false appearances
Characters & key ideas
MMatilda LoiselA discontented woman whose vanity ruins her life.
MMonsieur LoiselMatilda’s patient husband, a humble clerk.
MMadame ForestierThe rich friend who lends the necklace.
TThe necklaceA diamond-looking necklace that proves to be a fake.
VVanityMatilda’s pride and desire for luxury.
DDebtThe ten years of toil to replace the lost necklace.
Word meanings · शब्दार्थ
destined
certain to happen to someone
luxuries
costly comforts, not necessities
elegance
graceful beauty and style
clerks
office workers who keep records
martyrdom
great suffering borne silently
antechambers
small rooms before main rooms
fraternity
group sharing same work
ecstatic
extremely happy
stupefied
shocked and unable to think
usurer
moneylender charging very high interest
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Why was Matilda Loisel always unhappy?
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