Indigo
Class 12 English · Flamingo · Chapter 5
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English Core
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Physics, Chemistry, Maths + English
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English Elective · Kaleidoscope
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History
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Hindi Elective
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Mathematics
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Urdu Elective
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Geography
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Mathematics
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हिंदी (आधार)
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Accountancy
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اردو (اختیاری)
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Mathematics
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हिंदी (आधार)
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संस्कृतम् (केन्द्रिकम्)
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Physics
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हिंदी (ऐच्छिक)
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संस्कृत (ऐच्छिक)
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Physics
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हिंदी (ऐच्छिक)
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اردو (کور)
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Chemistry
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Urdu Elective
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Computer Science
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Chemistry
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Fine Art · Painting
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हिंदुस्तानी संगीत (गायन / वादन)
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Biology
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Informatics Practices
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Accountancy
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Biotechnology
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Accountancy
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सृजनात्मक लेखन और अनुवाद
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Business Studies
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हिंदुस्तानी संगीत (तबला / पखावज)
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Business Studies
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Economics
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Economics
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History
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History
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History
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Geography
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Geography
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Geography
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Political Science
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Political Science
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Sociology
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Sociology
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Psychology
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Home Science
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Home Science
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The story in short
An excerpt from Louis Fischer's 'The Life of Mahatma Gandhi', this prose piece recounts the Champaran episode of 1917, a turning-point in Gandhi's life and in the Indian freedom struggle. A poor, illiterate but resolute sharecropper named Rajkumar Shukla follows Gandhi everywhere and persuades him to visit Champaran in Bihar, where peasants were forced under a long-term arrangement to plant indigo on fifteen per cent of their land and surrender the harvest as rent. When the landlords learnt that Germany had developed synthetic indigo, they extorted compensation from the sharecroppers to release them from the arrangement, and those who had already paid wanted their money back. Gandhi began by gathering facts, defied an order to leave the district, and was summoned to court — where thousands of peasants demonstrated in his support, beginning their liberation from fear. The case was dropped, and Gandhi conducted a far-reaching inquiry that produced overwhelming evidence against the planters; he secured a refund of part of the illegally extorted money, the significance being that the landlords had to surrender part of their prestige. Within a few years indigo sharecropping disappeared. Gandhi also worked on the cultural and social backwardness of the villages, opening schools and improving health and sanitation. The episode taught self-reliance: Gandhi refused the help of the Englishman Charles Andrews, insisting the Indians must win the battle themselves. The story shows how Gandhi's politics were rooted in the day-to-day problems of ordinary people.
Gandhi's leadership and satyagrahaFreedom from fearExploitation of peasantsSelf-relianceContribution of ordinary Indians to freedom
Characters & key ideas
Rajkumar ShuklaThe resolute sharecropper who brought Gandhi to Champaran.
ChamparanThe Bihar district where indigo sharecroppers were exploited.
Indigo sharecroppingThe system forcing peasants to grow indigo as rent.
Synthetic indigoThe German invention that made natural indigo unprofitable.
Civil disobedienceGandhi's method that triumphed for the first time in India.
Self-relianceThe lesson Gandhi taught by refusing English help.
Extra questions & answers (board-style)
Try one from this chapter
Who wrote "Indigo"?