The primary sector involves activities that:

produce goods directly from nature

Which of these belongs to the secondary sector?

Manufacturing cloth from cotton in a factory

Data is any collection of facts, numbers, measures, observations or descriptions that conveys information about things.

Why do we organise raw data?

Because an unorganised list is hard to interpret; organising it (for example into a frequency table) lets us read information easily.

What are tally marks used for?

Tally marks are used to count how many times each value occurs, usually grouped in fives.

What does frequency mean?

Frequency is the number of times a particular observation or category appears in the data.

What is a pictograph?

A pictograph represents data using a picture or symbol, where one symbol stands for a fixed number of items as given by the key.

Why is a key important in a pictograph?

The key tells how many items each symbol represents, so the picture can be read correctly.

Why must bars in a bar graph have equal width?

So that only the length represents the value, making fair and easy comparison between categories.

What is the purpose of a scale in a bar graph?

The scale fixes how much each unit of length on the axis stands for, allowing large values to be drawn neatly.

How can a bar graph help in decision making?

By showing at a glance which category is largest or smallest, it helps us draw inferences and make correct decisions.

CBSE · NCERT syllabus

CBSE Class 6 — Notes, Chapters & Practice Quizzes

Q: What is a bar graph?

A bar graph shows data using bars of equal width whose lengths or heights are proportional to the values.

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Chapter 4: Data Handling and Presentation — Class 6 Mathematics

Mathematics · 10 chapters

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Chapter 4: Data Handling and Presentation

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Any collection of facts, numbers, measures or observations is called

Summary

This chapter explains how to collect, organise and present data. Any collection of facts, numbers, measures or observations that conveys information is called data. Raw data, such as a list of classmates\u2019 favourite games, is hard to interpret, so it is first organised using tally marks into a frequency table, where the frequency is how many times each value occurs. The chapter then presents two main visual displays. A pictograph (or pictogram) uses a picture or symbol to stand for a chosen number of items, with a key telling how much one symbol represents; part-symbols show smaller counts. A bar graph uses bars of equal width whose lengths or heights are proportional to the values, drawn on a scale, making comparisons easy at a glance. Students learn to read information from pictographs and bar graphs, to choose a sensible scale, and to draw their own displays from a frequency table. The chapter stresses interpreting and drawing inferences from data \u2014 finding the most and least popular categories \u2014 so that data can be used to make decisions correctly.

Collecting and Organising DataTally Marks and FrequencyPictographsDrawing and Reading Bar GraphsInterpreting Data and Drawing Inferences

Key terms

Data

Any collection of facts, numbers, measures or observations that conveys information about things.

Tally marks

Strokes used to count occurrences while organising data, grouped in fives for easy counting.

Frequency

The number of times a particular value or category occurs in the data.

Frequency table

A table that lists each category alongside its frequency.

Pictograph

A display that uses a picture or symbol to represent a fixed number of items, with a key.

Bar graph

A display using bars of equal width whose lengths are proportional to the values they represent.

Important questions

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Data

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Meaning1 / 6

Any collection of facts, numbers, measures or observations that conveys information about things.

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Data Handling and Presentation

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