Checked 26 September 2026. From the GATE 2023–2026 statistical reports, the GATE 2027 brochure (two-paper list tentative), the recruiters’ 2025–2027 advertisements and CCMT 2026 and IIT 2026 cut-off documents. Marks-for-score figures are our arithmetic with the official formula. Recruiter disciplines change year to year.
An Electronics & Instrumentation or Instrumentation & Control graduate can usually write GATE IN, EC or EE, and in 2027 can pair IN with the new Robotics & Automation (RA) paper. The choice is less about which paper is “easier” and more about which doors each score opens: GAIL’s Instrumentation posts only take IN; POWERGRID takes EC or EE but not IN; M.Tech admission in CCMT ranks on score, not paper, within each programme’s list of accepted papers. This guide puts the official 2023–2026 numbers for the three papers side by side and maps each paper to the recruiters and programmes that accept it.
GATE 2026 statistical report; GATE 2027 brochure; conversions ours.
The three papers in numbers
| Paper · year | Registered | Appeared | Qualified | GEN qualifying mark | Topper average (M̄t) | Mean / SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IN 2023 | 11,741 | 8,746 | 1,982 | 34.8 | 73.565 | 21.52 / 13.38 |
| IN 2024 | 12,451 | 9,900 | 1,978 | 32.7 | 76.07 | 19.47 / 13.31 |
| IN 2025 | 14,680 | 11,935 | 2,570 | 25.6 | 59.31 | 16.55 / 9.10 |
| IN 2026 | 15,608 | 12,424 | 2,823 | 39.8 | 79.87 | 23.93 / 15.87 |
| EC 2023 | 58,342 | 45,833 | 8,817 | 29.9 | 74.09 | 17.36 / 12.60 |
| EC 2024 | 78,157 | 63,092 | 13,260 | 25 | 61.95 | 16.02 / 8.97 |
| EC 2025 | 97,394 | 81,475 | 14,112 | 25 | 71.92 | 14.99 / 10.05 |
| EC 2026 | 1,15,448 | 95,752 | 17,392 | 26.4 | 71.59 | 14.68 / 11.81 |
| EE 2023 | 70,361 | 55,292 | 6,213 | 25 | 57.24 | 10.90 / 9.09 |
| EE 2024 | 73,728 | 59,599 | 12,596 | 25.7 | 67.48 | 16.18 / 9.55 |
| EE 2025 | 83,355 | 67,701 | 11,902 | 25 | 71.55 | 14.3 / 10.69 |
| EE 2026 | 81,947 | 65,801 | 13,726 | 27.7 | 75.45 | 16.62 / 11.16 |
GATE statistical reports 2023 (IIT Kanpur), 2024 (IISc), 2025 (IIT Roorkee), 2026 (IIT Guwahati). The 2023 report’s summary table swaps the EC and EE registration figures; the category tables (used here) give EC 58,342 and EE 70,361.
From the table above.
Two facts stand out. IN is a small field — about 15,600 registrations against 82,000 for EE and 1.15 lakh for EC in 2026 — and a high-mean one: its average mark (23.93) was about nine marks above EC’s and seven above EE’s, so its qualifying mark (mean plus one standard deviation, bounded between 25 and 40) is usually the highest of the three. IN is also the most volatile: the qualifying mark swung from 25.6 in 2025 to 39.8 in 2026, while EC and EE stayed within 25–30 every year.
The share of appeared candidates who qualify is similar across the three — for IN it ran 22.7%, 20.0%, 21.5% and 22.7% from 2023 to 2026, against 19.2%, 21.0%, 17.3% and 18.2% for EC (our shares from the table). So qualifying is not the hard part in any of them; the difference lies in the scores recruiters and institutes ask for above the line. For an IN candidate the volatility cuts both ways: a hard paper like 2025 compresses the field, so a modest mark turns into a strong score, while an easy paper like 2026 needs a much higher mark for the same score. Plan with a mark target that would have worked in both years rather than one year’s average. A target of about 58 marks, for instance, would have given a score near 600 in 2026 and about 880 in 2025 (our arithmetic).
The same score costs different marks
| Marks needed for… | IN 2025 | IN 2026 | EC 2026 | EE 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Score 450 | 31.7 | 47.1 | 34.6 | 36.4 |
| Score 600 | 40.9 | 58.0 | 46.9 | 49.4 |
| Score for 50 marks | 748 | 490 | 637 | 607 |
Our arithmetic: score = 350 + 550 × (marks − qualifying mark) ÷ (M̄t − qualifying mark), with each paper’s official qualifying mark and topper average from the table above.
A score is relative to your own paper’s field, so “IN needs more marks” is not the same as “IN is harder to score well in”. In 2026 an IN candidate needed about 58 marks for a score of 600 where an EC candidate needed about 47 — but the IN field was also stronger, and in 2025 the same IN candidate would have needed only about 41. What decides the choice is which score the institution or recruiter you want will read, and how well you know the subjects the paper tests.
Which door each paper opens
| Recruiter or programme | IN | EC | EE |
|---|---|---|---|
| GAIL ET (Instrumentation) | Yes — paper IN only; Instrumentation, Electronics and E&E degrees eligible | No | Separate Electrical post |
| NTPC EET-2027 | Yes (Instrumentation) | Yes (Electronics) | Yes (Electrical) |
| NPCIL ET-2026 | Instrumentation, 15 posts | Electronics, 50 posts (E&I graduates may choose) | Electrical discipline |
| POWERGRID ET-2027 | No | Yes | Yes |
| Grid-India ET | No | No | Yes |
| DVC ET (C&I), GATE-2025 | Yes | No | Electrical post |
| BARC OCES/DGFS-2026 | Instrumentation discipline | Electronics discipline | Electrical discipline |
| CCMT 2026: 221 groups list IN, 47 of them core instrumentation/control | Yes; 4 groups IN-only (3 of them core) | In shared groups | In shared groups |
| IIT Madras EE4–EE7 | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| IIT Palakkad System-on-Chip Design, GEN 2026 | 632 | 690 | 494 |
Each recruiter’s own advertisement; CCMT 2026 seat mapping; IIT Madras 2026 cut-offs; IIT Palakkad COAP cut-offs AY 2026-27 (a per-paper cut-off). NTPC Advt 11/26 (EET-2027) lists CE, ME, EE, EC, IN and CS and accepts GATE-2027 marks only. NPCIL advertisement, eligibility note (c): Electronics & Instrumentation graduates may apply under Instrumentation or Electronics, with a GATE score in the discipline chosen. Electrical-discipline rows are included only to show the paper exists there; see the GATE EE series for those numbers.
IN, EC, EE or RA? A quick sorter (2027)
From the GATE 2027 brochure (second papers allowed with IN as first: BM, EC, EE, ME, RA — tentative) and the recruiter and M.Tech documents cited in this series. Always read the specific advertisement or admission notice — the paper each accepts can change year to year.
For most EIE and ICE students the practical rule is: if GAIL, NTPC Instrumentation, DVC C&I or an instrumentation/control M.Tech is the goal, IN is the paper; if POWERGRID or a VLSI-heavy M.Tech is the goal, EC; if Grid-India or power-sector roles, EE. Because CCMT and most IITs rank on score, IN does not shut the M.Tech door — IIT Madras admits IN to all four Electrical streams it lists above, and four CCMT groups admit IN alone (three NIT instrumentation/control groups and one at Central University of Jammu).
Two papers, and where RA fits
| Year | Second papers allowed with IN as first |
|---|---|
| GATE 2026 | BM, EC, EE, ME |
| GATE 2027 (tentative) | BM, EC, EE, ME, RA |
| RA (Robotics & Automation), GATE 2027 | Marks |
|---|---|
| General Aptitude | 15 |
| Part A (common to all) | 60 |
| Part B — B1 “Electrical” or B2 “Mechanical”, chosen in the exam | 25 |
GATE 2027 brochure, Table 4 (two-paper combinations, tentative) and paper structure; GATE 2027 RA syllabus.
Writing IN plus EC is the common hedge for an E&I student: it keeps GAIL and POWERGRID both open. IN plus EE suits those aiming at power-sector recruiters. The new RA paper is worth adding only if a robotics or automation programme you want asks for it; the 2027 IN syllabus’s new actuator, PLC, PWM and embedded content overlaps RA’s electrical part more than any other paper’s does (our reading). Two papers means two sessions, two fees and, in practice, a split preparation — most candidates are better served by one strong score.
Before you pick your 2027 paper
Tick what applies.
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Practise it, don't just read it
Whichever paper you pick, control, measurement and analog electronics carry across IN, EC and EE. The GATE IN quizzes cover them.
The ProSyllabus GATE IN library has topic quizzes on measurements, control systems, analytical and optical instrumentation, process control, signal conditioning, ADCs, transducers, op-amps, PID control and signals — the first quiz is free.
Should an EIE student write GATE IN or EC?
IN for GAIL, NTPC Instrumentation, DVC C&I and instrumentation M.Tech; EC for POWERGRID and VLSI-heavy M.Tech. Many write both.
Is GATE IN easier than EC?
The field is smaller (15,608 registered in 2026 vs 1,15,448) but stronger: IN’s 2026 qualifying mark was 39.8 against 26.4 for EC.
Can I write IN and EC together in GATE 2027?
Yes — EC is one of the allowed second papers with IN (list tentative).
Does POWERGRID accept GATE IN?
No — POWERGRID recruits through EE, CE, CS and EC.
Can GATE IN get me into IIT M.Tech?
Yes — IIT Madras EE4–EE7 and IIT Bombay Systems & Control admit IN.
What is the RA paper?
Robotics & Automation, new in GATE 2027: 15 marks aptitude, 60 marks common Part A and 25 marks Part B (Electrical or Mechanical).
More in this series
Sources
- official — GATE 2027 Information Brochure, IIT Madras (revised 27 Sep 2026)
- official — GATE 2027 — Two-paper combinations
- official — GATE 2027 IN syllabus (PDF)
- official — GATE 2027 Robotics & Automation (RA) syllabus (PDF)
- official — GATE 2026 Statistical and Performance Report (IIT Guwahati, PDF)
- official — GATE 2025 Statistical and Performance Report (IIT Roorkee, PDF)
- official — GATE 2024 Statistical and Performance Report (IISc, PDF; archived copy)
- official — GATE 2023 Statistical Report (IIT Kanpur, PDF)
- official — GAIL — Executive Trainee through GATE 2026, detailed advertisement (20.02.2026)
- official — NTPC — Advt 11/26, Engineering Executive Trainees-2027 through GATE-2027 (CE, ME, EE, EC, IN, CS; GATE-2027 marks only), on the careers page
- official — NPCIL — Executive Trainee 2026 detailed advertisement NPCIL/HQ/HRM/ET/2026/02
- official — POWERGRID — Engineer Trainee 2027 through GATE 2027, CC/03/2026 (no Instrumentation)
- official — Grid-India — ET through GATE 2027, CC/26/2026
- official — DVC — result, ETs Mech/Elect/Civil/C&I through GATE 2025 special drive (12.02.2026)
- official — BARC — OCES/DGFS-2026 Information Brochure
- official — CCMT 2026 — information brochure and seat mapping
- official — IIT Madras — M.Tech 2026 GATE cut-off scores (PDF)
- official — IIT Bombay — Minimum GATE cut-off 2026-27 (PDF)
- official — IIT Palakkad — M.Tech GATE cut-off (COAP rounds) AY 2026-27 (PDF)
official = a document published by the conducting body. reported = a news or coaching site we could not check against an original. Where sources disagree this page says so rather than picking one.













