अव्ययानि
Class 10 Sanskrit · व्याकरणवीथिः · Chapter 7
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The story in short
जिन शब्दों के रूप लिंग, वचन, कारक आदि के कारण कभी नहीं बदलते, उन्हें अव्यय कहते हैं। ‘अव्यय’ का अर्थ ही है — जो व्यय (परिवर्तन) को प्राप्त न हो। ये सभी स्थितियों में एक समान रहते हैं। अव्यय कई प्रकार के होते हैं — समुच्चयबोधक (च, वा, अथवा, किन्तु, परन्तु), कालवाचक (अद्य = आज, ह्यः = कल बीता, श्वः = कल आने वाला, इदानीम् = अभी), स्थानवाचक (अत्र = यहाँ, तत्र = वहाँ, यत्र = जहाँ, कुत्र = कहाँ, सर्वत्र = सब जगह), तथा अन्य (इति = इस प्रकार, एव = ही, अपि = भी, हि = क्योंकि, सह = साथ, विना = बिना, नमः = नमस्कार)। अव्ययों का प्रयोग वाक्यों को जोड़ने, समय-स्थान बताने और भाव प्रकट करने में होता है। ये संस्कृत वाक्य-रचना के लिए अत्यंत उपयोगी हैं।
अव्यय की परिभाषाकालवाचक अव्ययस्थानवाचक अव्ययसमुच्चयबोधक अव्ययअव्ययों का प्रयोग
Characters & key ideas
अव्ययम्जिसका रूप कभी न बदले — अपरिवर्तनीय शब्द।
समुच्चयबोधकजोड़ने वाले अव्यय — च, वा, किन्तु।
कालवाचकसमय बताने वाले अव्यय — अद्य, श्वः, ह्यः।
स्थानवाचकस्थान बताने वाले अव्यय — अत्र, तत्र, यत्र।
इति‘इस प्रकार’ अर्थ का अव्यय, उद्धरण के अंत में।
एव/अपि/हिही, भी, क्योंकि — भाव-सूचक अव्यय।
Extra questions & answers (board-style)
Try one from this chapter
अव्यय किसे कहते हैं?