Complete Summary and Solutions for Ajamil and the Tigers – NCERT Class XI English Woven Words, Poetry Section, Chapter 12 – Explanation, Questions, Answers
Detailed summary and explanation of Chapter 12 'Ajamil and the Tigers' from the Woven Words English textbook poetry section for Class XI (Elective Course), covering poem interpretation, themes, satire, and all NCERT questions, answers, and exercises for comprehension.
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Ajamil and the Tigers - Arun Kolatkar | Woven Words Poetry Study Guide 2025
Ajamil and the Tigers
Arun Kolatkar | Woven Words Poetry - Ultimate Study Guide 2025
Introduction to Poetry - Woven Words
Poetry is a literary form that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, a prosaic ostensible meaning. It often employs metaphor, simile, and other figures of speech to convey complex ideas and emotions.
In 'Ajamil and the Tigers', Arun Kolatkar uses a fable-like narrative to satirize political dynamics, blending humor with deeper allegory. The poem's structure, with its rhythmic verses and ironic twists, exemplifies modern Indian English poetry's fusion of traditional storytelling and contemporary critique.
Style: Colloquial, narrative-driven with moral undertones.
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Author: Arun Kolatkar (1932–2004)
Arun Kolatkar was a contemporary Indian poet. He was educated in Pune and earned a diploma in painting from the J.J. School of Arts, Mumbai. He writes both in English and Marathi and has authored two books. The present poem is an excerpt from Jejuri—a long poem in thirty-one sections. A German translation of Jejuri by Gievanen Bandin was published in 1984.
Major Works
Jejuri (1976) - English/Marathi collection
Kala Ghoda Poems (2004)
Key Themes
Satire on society and religion
Urban-rural contrasts
Everyday absurdity and irony
Style
Bilingual, visual (from painting background); blends folklore with modernism, often ironic and colloquial.
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Full Poem Text: Ajamil and the Tigers
The tiger people went to their king
and said, ‘We’re starving.
We’ve had nothing to eat,
not a bite,
for 15 days and 16 nights.
Ajamil has got
a new sheep dog.
He cramps our style
and won’t let us get within a mile
of meat.’
‘That’s shocking,’
said the tiger king.
‘Why didn’t you come to see me before?
Make preparations for a banquet.
I’m gonna teach that sheep dog a lesson he’ll never
forget.’
‘Hear hear,’ said the tigers.
‘Careful,’ said the queen.
But he was already gone.
Alone
into the darkness before the dawn.
In an hour he was back,
the good king.
A black patch on his eye.
His tail in a sling.
And said, ‘I’ve got it all planned
now that I know the lie of the land.
All of us will have to try.
We’ll outnumber the son of a bitch.
And this time there will be no hitch.
Because this time I shall be leading the attack.’
Quick as lightning
the sheep dog was.
He took them all in as prisoners of war,
the 50 tigers and the tiger king,
before they could get their paws
on a single sheep.
They never had a chance.
The dog was in 51 places all at once.
He strung them all out in a daisy chain
and flung them in front of his boss in one big heap.
‘Nice dog you got there, Ajamil,’
said the tiger king.
Looking a little ill
and spiting out a tooth.
‘But there’s been a bit of a misunderstanding.
We could’ve wiped out your herd in one clean sweep.
But we were not trying to creep up on your sheep.
We feel that means are more important than ends.
We were coming to see you as friends.
And that’s the truth.’
The sheep dog was the type
who had never told a lie in his life
He was built along simpler lines
and he was simply disgusted.
He kept on making frantic signs.
But Ajamil, the good shepherd
refused to meet his eyes
and pretended to believe every single word
of what the tiger king said.
And seemed to be taken in by all the lies.
Ajamil cut them loose
and asked them all to stay for dinner.
It was an offer the tigers couldn’t refuse.
And after the lamb chops and the roast,
when Ajamil proposed
they sign a long term friendship treaty,
all the tigers roared.
‘We couldn’t agree with you more.’
And swore they would be good friends all their lives
as they put down the forks and the knives.
Ajamil signed a pact
with the tiger people and sent them back.
Laden with gifts of sheep, leather jackets and balls of
wool.
Ajamil wasn’t a fool.
Like all good shepherds he knew
that even tigers have got to eat some time.
A good shepherd sees to it they do.
He is free to play a flute all day
as well fed tigers and fat sheep drink from the same
pond
with a full stomach for a common bond.
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Poem Summary: English & Hindi (Detailed Overview)
English Summary (Approx. 1.5 Pages)
Starving tigers complain to their king about Ajamil's new sheepdog blocking their hunts. The king attacks alone but returns injured, planning a group assault. The dog captures all 51 effortlessly, chaining them before Ajamil.
The king lies about friendly intentions; the disgusted dog signals, but Ajamil pretends belief, frees them, and invites dinner. They sign a friendship treaty; tigers depart with gifts. Wise Ajamil knows tigers must eat, ensuring harmony—flute-playing shepherd with sated beasts sharing a pond.
हिंदी सारांश (संक्षिप्त)
भूखे बाघ राजा से शिकायत करते कि अजमिल का नया भेड़ कुत्ता शिकार रोकता है। राजा अकेले हमला करता लेकिन घायल लौटता, समूह हमले की योजना बनाता। कुत्ता 51 को आसानी से पकड़ता, अजमिल के सामने बांधता।
राजा दोस्ती का बहाना बनाता; कुत्ता इशारा करता लेकिन अजमिल मानता, रिहा करता, डिनर बुलाता। संधि साइन; बाघ उपहार लेकर जाते। समझदार अजमिल जानता बाघ भूखे नहीं रह सकते—बांसुरी बजाता चरवाहा, तृप्त जानवर तालाब साझा करते।
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Narrative Summary: Key Events & Structure
Overview
The poem narrates a satirical fable of power dynamics, using animal allegory to critique politics. Structure: Verse stanzas build irony, culminating in pragmatic coexistence.
Structure in Phases
Exposition: Tigers' complaint, king's solo failure.
Cultural Insight: Indian folklore with political satire.
Tip: Note fable structure—moral in final stanza on pragmatism.
Understanding the Text
1. The poem has a literal level and a figurative level. Why has the poet chosen ‘tigers’ and ‘sheep’ to convey his message?
Answer:
Literal: Tigers as predators, sheep as prey; dog as guardian.
Figurative: Tigers symbolize aggressive rulers/oppressors; sheep the vulnerable masses. Choice evokes predator-prey dynamics, critiquing power imbalances—tigers' cunning lies mirror political deception, sheep's survival pragmatism.
Enhances satire: Animal fable distances yet highlights human follies, making message universal and engaging.
2. What facet of political life does the behaviour of Ajamil illustrate?
Answer:
Ajamil's pretense and treaty-making illustrate realpolitik—pragmatic diplomacy over idealism. He ignores dog's truth-signals, feigns belief in tigers' lies to secure peace, feeding them to prevent conflict.
Critiques leaders who compromise ethics for stability, satirizing alliances with oppressors for mutual gain.
3. Why have the words, ‘pretended’ and ‘seemed’ been used in the lines: ...pretended to believe every single word of what the tiger king said. And seemed to be taken in by all the lies. How does the sense of these lines connect with the line ‘Ajamil wasn’t a fool’?
Answer:
'Pretended'/'seemed' imply deliberate deception—Ajamil knows tigers lie but acts gullible to de-escalate.
Connects to 'wasn’t a fool': Reveals cunning wisdom; he manipulates situation for harmony, proving strategic intelligence over naivety.
4. Why did Ajamil refuse to meet the sheepdog’s eyes?
Answer:
Avoids acknowledging dog's 'frantic signs' of truth, maintaining pretense to enable negotiation.
Symbolizes willful ignorance in politics—leaders ignore inconvenient truths for expedient deals.
5. ‘He is free to play a flute all day as well fed tigers and fat sheep drink from the same pond with a full stomach for a common bond.’ What do the phrases ‘play the flute all day’ and ‘a common bond’ refer to?
Answer:
'Play the flute': Leisure, peace—Ajamil's carefree life post-treaty, symbolizing stable governance.
'Common bond': Satiation ('full stomach') unites former foes; pragmatism over ideology fosters coexistence.
6. The poem is a satire against the present political class. How effectively does it convey the anger and anguish of the common man trapped in the system?
Answer:
Irony in tigers' lies and Ajamil's pretense mocks hypocritical politics; humor veils anguish of exploited 'sheep'.
Effective through fable: Relatable absurdity evokes common man's frustration with corrupt alliances, ending in resigned 'harmony'.
Talking about the Text - Discussion Prompts
Discuss in pairs or small groups
1. How does the poem use animal allegory to critique modern politics?
Discussion Points:
Tigers as power-hungry leaders; sheep as masses—explore parallels to real-world corruption/deception.
Personal: Share examples of 'pretended' alliances in news.
2. Is pragmatism (like Ajamil's) ethical in leadership?
Discussion Points:
Pros: Stability; cons: Enables oppression. Tie to global diplomacy.
Reflection: Would you ignore 'dog's signs' for peace?
Appreciation & Analysis
1. Comment on the poem's satirical tone and irony.
Analysis:
Irony in tigers' 'friendship' lies; satire mocks political hypocrisy through exaggerated absurdity.
Enhances message: Humor underscores common man's anguish in flawed systems.
2. How does structure contribute to meaning?
Analysis:
Free verse with rhyme echoes fable rhythm; buildup to moral stanza reinforces pragmatism's twist.
Language Work
1. Identify Rhymes and Figures of Speech
Answer:
Rhymes: King/sling; attack/back.
Personification: Tigers 'roared'; dog 'disgusted'.
Irony: 'Good friends' after capture.
2. Try This Out: Literary Forms
Answer:
Fable: Moral story with animals (e.g., this poem).
Allegory: Symbolic representation (politics via animals).
Satire: Ridicules vices (political hypocrisy).
Interactive Quiz - Test Your Understanding
10 MCQs on narrative, themes, and language. Aim for 80%+.