Hydrocarbons – Interactive Quiz & Cheatsheet

Learn the properties, preparation, and reactions of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes with this interactive tool

Updated: just now

Categories: Mini Game, Chemistry, Class 11, Organic Chemistry
Tags: Mini Game, Chemistry, Class 11, Hydrocarbons, Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, Aromatic Compounds
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Hydrocarbons Cheatsheet & Quiz

Hydrocarbons Cheatsheet

Cheat Codes & Shortcuts

  • Definition: Hydrocarbons are organic compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
  • Classification: Divided into Saturated (alkanes), Unsaturated (alkenes, alkynes), and Aromatic hydrocarbons.
  • General Formula (Alkanes): \( C_nH_{2n+2} \)
  • Alkene Formula: \( C_nH_{2n} \) — contain at least one double bond.
  • Alkyne Formula: \( C_nH_{2n-2} \) — contain at least one triple bond.
  • Aromatic Hydrocarbons: Have benzene rings with delocalized π-electrons.
  • Isomerism: Structural isomers differ in connectivity; cis-trans isomers in alkenes differ in spatial arrangement.
  • Naming: Follow IUPAC rules based on longest carbon chain and substituents.
  • Combustion: Hydrocarbons combust in oxygen producing CO2 and H2O.
  • Reaction Types: Substitution (alkanes), addition (alkenes/alkynes), and polymerization.

Quick Reference Table

Type General Formula Characteristic Reaction
Alkane (Saturated) \( C_nH_{2n+2} \) Substitution (e.g., combustion, halogenation)
Alkene (Unsaturated) \( C_nH_{2n} \) Addition (e.g., hydrogenation, halogenation)
Alkyne (Unsaturated) \( C_nH_{2n-2} \) Addition (e.g., hydrogenation, halogenation)
Aromatic Benzene, \( C_6H_6 \) Electrophilic substitution (e.g., nitration, sulfonation)

Advice

Identify Type: Determine if saturated, unsaturated, or aromatic before deciding reaction mechanism.

Use Formulas: Use general formulas to check molecular formulas for hydrocarbons.

Isomers: Learn to distinguish structural and stereoisomers for better understanding of properties.

Reactions: Know when substitution vs addition reactions occur for different hydrocarbons.

Naming: Practice IUPAC rules for naming complex hydrocarbons confidently.

Hydrocarbons Quick Tips

  • Alkanes: Generally unreactive but undergo substitution and combustion.
  • Alkenes/Alkynes: More reactive; undergo addition reactions due to double/triple bonds.
  • Aromatic Rings: Stability due to resonance; undergo electrophilic substitution.
  • Isomerism: Remember cis-trans isomers occur only in alkenes with restricted rotation.
  • Combustion: Complete combustion produces CO2 and H2O; incomplete leads to CO and soot.

Hydrocarbons Speed Quiz

Test your knowledge with 5 hydrocarbons questions! You have 30 seconds per question.