Chemical Thermodynamics – Interactive Quiz & Cheatsheet

Understand thermodynamic principles, laws, and applications with this fun, interactive quiz and quick guide

Updated: just now

Categories: Mini Game, Chemistry, Class 11, Physical Chemistry
Tags: Mini Game, Chemistry, Class 11, Thermodynamics, Gibbs Free Energy, Enthalpy, Entropy
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Chemical Thermodynamics Cheatsheet & Quiz

Chemical Thermodynamics Cheatsheet

Cheat Codes & Shortcuts

  • System: Part of universe under study.
  • Surroundings: Everything else outside the system.
  • First Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
  • Internal Energy (\( \Delta U \)): Total energy (kinetic + potential) of system.
  • Enthalpy (\( H \)): \( H = U + PV \), heat change at constant pressure.
  • Entropy (\( S \)): Measure of disorder or randomness.
  • Gibbs Free Energy (\( G \)): \( G = H - TS \), spontaneity criterion.
  • Spontaneity: \( \Delta G < 0 \) (spontaneous), \( \Delta G > 0 \) (non-spontaneous).
  • Second Law: Entropy of universe increases for spontaneous processes.
  • Standard Conditions: 1 atm, 298K, 1M concentration.

Quick Reference Table

Term Formula / Definition Notes / Example
First Law \( \Delta U = q + w \) q = heat, w = work
Enthalpy \( \Delta H = \Delta U + P \Delta V \) Exothermic: \( \Delta H < 0 \), Endothermic: \( \Delta H > 0 \)
Entropy \( \Delta S = S_{final} - S_{initial} \) Greater randomness → higher S
Gibbs Free Energy \( \Delta G = \Delta H - T \Delta S \) \( \Delta G < 0 \) means spontaneous
Second Law Entropy increases in spontaneous processes Melting, mixing, diffusion
Standard State 1 atm, 298K, 1M Used in thermochemical data

Advice

Step 1: Identify system and surroundings (closed/open).

Step 2: Use correct signs for heat/work (+ into system, - out).

Step 3: For reactions, check if exothermic or endothermic via \( \Delta H \).

Step 4: Calculate \( \Delta G \) for spontaneity.

Step 5: Entropy increases for mixing, heating, reactions producing more moles of gas.

Thermodynamics Quick Tips

  • First Law: Energy is conserved; calculate \( \Delta U \) with sign convention.
  • Gibbs equation: \( \Delta G \) at 298K shows spontaneity.
  • Entropy trend: Solids < Liquids < Gases for S value.
  • Standard enthalpy change: \( \Delta H^\circ \) at 1 atm and 298K.
  • Spontaneity: If \( \Delta G < 0 \), process occurs naturally.

Thermodynamics Speed Quiz

Test your speed with 5 thermodynamics questions! You have 30 seconds per question.