Some Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry – Interactive Quiz & Cheatsheet

Understand hybridisation, resonance, and inductive effects in organic chemistry with this learning game

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Categories: Mini Game, Chemistry, Class 11, Organic Chemistry
Tags: Mini Game, Chemistry, Class 11, Organic Chemistry, Hybridisation, Resonance, Inductive Effect, Isomerism
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Organic Chemistry Basics Cheatsheet & Quiz

Organic Chemistry Basics Cheatsheet

Cheat Codes & Shortcuts

  • Definition: Organic chemistry studies carbon-containing compounds.
  • Functional Groups: Specific groups of atoms responsible for characteristic reactions.
  • Hybridization: Carbon can be \( sp^3 \), \( sp^2 \), or \( sp \) hybridized.
  • Nomenclature: IUPAC names based on longest carbon chain and functional groups.
  • Isomerism: Compounds with same molecular formula but different structures.
  • Alkanes: Saturated hydrocarbons, general formula \( C_nH_{2n+2} \).
  • Alkenes: Contain at least one \( C=C \) double bond, \( C_nH_{2n} \).
  • Alkynes: Contain at least one \( C≡C \) triple bond, \( C_nH_{2n-2} \).
  • Electronegativity: Influences polarity and reactivity of molecules.
  • Resonance: Delocalization of electrons in conjugated systems.

Quick Reference Table

Type Form Key Feature
Alkane \( C_nH_{2n+2} \) Single bonds, saturated
Alkene \( C_nH_{2n} \) Double bond, unsaturated
Alkyne \( C_nH_{2n-2} \) Triple bond, unsaturated
Aromatic Benzene (\( C_6H_6 \)) Conjugated ring, resonance
Alcohol R-OH Hydroxyl group
Carbonyl R-C=O Ketone or aldehyde group

Advice

First Step: Identify the functional group to predict reactivity.

Nomenclature: Always find the longest carbon chain for IUPAC naming.

Hybridization: Check bond types to determine \( sp^3 \), \( sp^2 \), or \( sp \).

Resonance: Draw resonance structures for stability analysis.

Verify: Confirm molecular formula matches structure after drawing.

Organic Chemistry Quick Tips

  • Functional Groups: Learn key groups like -OH, -COOH, -NH2 for reactivity.
  • IUPAC Naming: Number the carbon chain to give functional groups the lowest numbers.
  • Isomerism: Check for structural, geometric, or optical isomers.
  • Hybridization: Use bond angles: \( sp^3 \) (~109.5°), \( sp^2 \) (~120°), \( sp \) (~180°).
  • Reaction Types: Focus on substitution, elimination, and addition reactions.

Organic Chemistry Speed Quiz

Test your speed with 5 organic chemistry questions! You have 30 seconds per question.